Temperature-responsive molecular imprinting: From fundamental principles to cutting-edge applications

• The recognition mechanism and functional application of thermosensitive molecular imprinted polymers are described. • The rational design strategies for superior recognition performance are focused. • The application and synergetic potential in adsorption separation and crossover are reviewed. Temperature-responsive molecularly imprinted materials (TR-MIPs) have attracted considerable interest for their unique ability to achieve specific recognition and controlled release of target molecules under mild thermal conditions. Owing to these advantages, TR-MIPs demonstrate broad application potential in fields such as controlled drug release, biosensing, and environmental monitoring. This review begins by elucidating the fundamental construction of TR-MIPs, with a focus on the roles of template molecules, thermosensitive monomers, and functional monomers, so as to clarify their temperature-responsive mechanisms. Subsequently, it systematically summarizes typical applications of TR-MIPs in adsorption, separation, and enrichment. In addition, innovative strategies recently developed to overcome existing limitations and enhance TR-MIP performance are highlighted. Finally, future perspectives are discussed in light of current challenges and emerging technological trends. From temperature-sensitive mechanisms to diverse applications, moving towards a multi-response system.