Digital twins and AI integration in offshore renewable energy: A Review

Abstract The integration of digital twins and AI in offshore renewable energy systems represents a transformative approach to improve operational efficiency, scalability, and sustainability. This paper provides a review of innovative applications of digital twins and AI in the context of offshore wind energy and floating energy islands. It examines the existing literature and published case studies to highlight the challenges in this field. Digital twins are revolutionizing the design, monitoring, and maintenance of offshore platforms. By incorporating AI-driven analytics and predictive maintenance capabilities, these systems enable precise decision-making, reduce downtime, and extend the lifespan of infrastructure subjected to harsh marine environments. Case studies discussed include the application of digital twins for structural health monitoring in offshore wind farms, where significant reductions in maintenance costs were achieved through predictive analytics.