Presentation of Models of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries and Model Simulation Compared to the Actual Battery Bahaviour

Abstract In this paper, the electrochemical reactions inside the VRLA (Valve Regulated Lead-Acid) lead battery are described and their influence on the battery’s dynamics is shown. There are a large number of battery models that describe the behaviour and dynamics of the battery. The most favourable for energy analysis are electrical models where the response of the battery in the circuit is simulated exclusively using standard electrical components. Four electric models of the VRLA battery are presented, of which the hybrid electric model is the best for application. State-of-charge-SOC is the most important battery parameters for management and monitoring in a microgrid. Simulation of the charging of the hybrid electric model and a comparison with the actual charging characteristics of the VRLA battery are presented. All simulations and tests are performed out in the Matlab environment.