Numerical Performance Analysis: Examination of <scp>hA</scp> , <scp>hBN</scp> , <scp> ZrO ₂ </scp> , and <scp> Al ₂ O ₃ </scp> Coatings Applied to <scp>316L</scp> Stainless Schanz Screws for Intertrochanteric Fracture

In this study, the biomechanical performance of four different coating materials applied on 316L stainless steel Schanz screws used in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures (ITF) was examined by finite element analysis (FEA). Coatings: hydroxyapatite (hA), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). How these coatings affect the mechanical properties, durability, and biocompatibility of screws reveals the potential to increase the effectiveness of external fixators. Analyses aim to make recommendations for safer and more effective applications during the treatment process by examining the effects of each coating on stress distribution, deformation and stress parameters. Ultimately, the most suitable material selection for fracture healing depends on clinical needs and the patient's condition. If high stress transmission is required, 316L or 316L-hA may be preferred. If more stable and low shear performance is desired, 316L-ZrO₂ or 316L-Al₂O₃ coatings might be considered. In any case, it is essential to take all parameters into account when choosing the material.