Understanding Awareness, Attitudes, and Perceptions on Common Mental Disorders Among The Elderly In Chhotaudepur: A Tribal District of Gujarat

Mental and behavioral disorders impact over 25% of people worldwide, affecting quality of life and economic stability. In India, 14.9% of the population faces mental illness, with higher rates in rural areas. The elderly, especially in rural regions, face unique challenges like social isolation and abuse. This study evaluates awareness, attitudes, and practices regarding mental disorders among the rural elderly to aid stigma reduction and guide government policies. This qualitative study involved 10 focus group discussions (FGDs). Discussions were held at local health centers and schools. Ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee, and data collection was authorized by the Chief District Health Officer. Discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for key themes. Analysis revealed mixed information about mental illness. While some participants recognized symptoms like "sitting alone," they often confused them with physical issues or spiritual possession. Attributions for mental illness included stress, financial problems, family issues, and alcoholism, with misconceptions such as evil spirit possession. Attitudes varied; some favored compassionate treatment while others prioritized physical health or viewed mental illness as taboo. Traditional healers were preferred over medical treatments, though some supported allopathic approaches. Participants requested more mental health awareness, financial aid, and better guidance from health workers. The study highlights a mixed understanding of mental health among the elderly, with both accurate and erroneous beliefs. Recommendations include enhanced mental health awareness, integrated screenings, and training for health workers, alongside collaboration with traditional healers to correct misconceptions and promote appropriate care.