Game-Theoretic Power Control Modeling for Interference Management in 5G Networks—A System Dynamics Approach

In densely populated areas, resource management is a challenge when mobile users in a session increase. The result of this is high inter-cell interference. Since interference is a function of power, we develop power control models aimed at addressing inter-cell interference among macrousers and femtousers in a 5G network. The models consider both cooperative and noncooperative game-theoretic theories. These are implemented within the framework of system dynamics. The models are developed using feedback loops and system dynamics approaches. The game-theoretic models are verified to establish a basis for developing mathematical models to implement power control in 5G networks. The comparative simulation demonstrates the superiority of cooperative game-theoretic power control in 5G NR in terms of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), data rate, spectral efficiency (SE), and utility in interference-prone environments. While noncooperative strategies offer simplicity and lower signaling overhead, they result in poorer performance due to unmanaged interference and selfish resource utilization. The results demonstrate that the cooperative game-theoretic power control technique substantially enhanced network performance, achieving an average SINR improvement of 58.82% and an average SE improvement of 69.03%.