Chemical Constituents and Antiproliferative Activity Against RAFLs and HepG2 Cells of Clematis henryi

<i>Clematis henryi</i> (<i>C. henryi</i>) is a valuable medicinal plant in the Tujia ethnic family, which is widely used for the treatment of rheumatism arthritis and limb numbness. There are few studies on the chemical composition and biological activity of <i>C. henryi</i> at present. In this study, we isolated and purified thirty-one compounds in total, including four new compounds (<b>1</b>, <b>29</b>-<b>31</b>) and twenty-seven known compounds (<b>2</b>-<b>28</b>). These isolated compounds were identified by a variety of spectroscopic data including NMR spectrometry and mass spectroscopy. These thirty-one compounds were tested for their proliferation inhibition activity on RAFLs and HepG2 cells. The results indicated that compound <b>29</b> and <b>30</b> exhibited weak inhibition of proliferation activity against RAFLs cells. Meanwhile, compounds <b>8</b>, <b>10</b>, <b>29</b>, and <b>30</b> exhibited moderate inhibition of proliferation activity on HepG2 cells with an IC₅₀ value between 16.07 and 19.83 µM. The results of this study could serve as a reference for the further comprehensive utilization of <i>C. henryi</i>.