Structural evaluation and hydrocarbon potentials of Emil Field, offshore Niger Delta Basin

The Emil Field, located in the deep offshore Niger Delta Basin, represents a structurally complex petroleum system shaped by sediment loading, growth faulting, and shale diapirism. This study applies an integrated workflow of seismic interpretation, well log analysis, basin modeling, gross depositional environment (GDE) mapping, and structural evolution to evaluate its structural evolution and hydrocarbon potential. Biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis established chronostratigraphic markers, supporting the correlation of six prospective reservoirs (Sands B, D, F, G, M, and R). Burial history and thermal maturity modeling confirm the Akata Formation as the main source rock, with transformation ratios above 90%, indicating significant hydrocarbon generation since ~50 Ma. While biodegradation risks occur in shallow intervals, deeper reservoirs preserve better quality. Ten prospects (A–J) were mapped, showing diverse structural styles, including fault-assisted anticlines, domal highs, and rollover closures, reflecting the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the basin. Structural evolution defined four deformation stages: (1) pre-deformation with continuous strata, (2) early deformation with syn-sedimentary faulting and shale mobilization, (3) late deformation marked by diapiric piercement, truncation, and compartmentalization, and (4) present-day structure with canyons, rollover anticlines, listric faults, and diapiric traps. Isopach and isochores revealed thickness anomalies and truncations around diapirs, confirming their role in sediment distribution and trap geometry. Emil Field’s prospectivity is governed by structural deformation and shale diapirism, which created opportunities in structural and stratigraphic traps but also challenges from reservoir truncation and seal integrity. This integrated approach enhances exploration success in frontier deepwater Niger Delta settings.