Hepatocellular carcinoma with pharyngeal metastasis: A case report and literature review

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and aggressive malignancy. While common metastatic sites of hepatocellular carcinoma include the lung, bone, and lymph nodes, pharyngeal metastasis is extremely rare. This case report presents a unique case of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma who developed pharyngeal metastasis. We describe the patient's clinical course, diagnostic work-up, and treatment strategies and details. We paid special attention to diagnostic difficulties and to ways of its resolving. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was performed to summarize the characteristics, possible mechanisms, and management of hepatocellular carcinoma pharyngeal metastasis. By presenting this case and reviewing the literature, we aim to raise awareness among clinicians about this rare metastatic manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma and provide insights into its diagnosis and treatment.