Factorial invariance of the Spanish version of the PHQ-9 by gender and country in Latin America and the Caribbean
The PHQ-9 demonstrated robust psychometric properties and diagnostic comparability across countries and sexes in LAC. These findings reinforce its utility as a standardized and culturally adaptable tool for screening depressive symptoms in clinical and community settings in the region.
Authors
- Yuliana Florez
- Cristian Romo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8331-6080)
- Daniela Ripoll-Córdoba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9105-501X)
- Wendy Nelly Bada Laura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-4601)
- Juan Carlos Cárdenas Valverde (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1744-5746)
- David Elí Salazar Espinoza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4509-2132)
- Carol Saldías (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-9295)
- Carlos Ardila-Duarte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0419-950X)
- Norman López (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1272-7429)
- Juan Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-0963)
- César Quispe-Ayala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-783X)
- Nicole Caldichoury (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0813-5324)
- Boris Zurita-Cueva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2636)
- Breiner Morales-Asencio
- Cesar Castellanos
- Juan-Carlos Coronado
- Raúl Quincho-Apumayta
- Luis Mario Castellanos-Alvarenga
- Karen Alcos-Flores
- Rodrigo Duhalde-Sanhueza
Institutions
- University of Guayaquil (EC)
- Universidad Católica de Temuco (CL)
- Daniel Alcides Carrión National University (PE)
- Universidad Metropolitana (CO)
- Instituto Profesional Latinoamericano de Comercio Exterior (CL)
- University of the Coast (CO)
- Universidad Santo Tomás (CL)
- Universidad Nacional de San Martín (PE)
- Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonía (PE)
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica (PE)
- Universidad Psicología Industrial Dominicana (DO)
- Universidad de Los Lagos (CL)
- Ana G. Mendez University System (PR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Published
- 2025-11-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1667612
- Primary Topic
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00