Pain Management and Optimization Strategies in Photodynamic Therapy for Vulvar Diseases

Photodynamic Therapy(PDT)has become an important method for treating vulvar diseases in women due to its minimally invasive nature, selectivity, and repeatability.However, pain during the treatment process has limited its widespread application.This article focuses on three types of diseases:vulvar lichen sclerosus(VLS), condyloma acuminatum(CA), and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia(VIN).It systematically explores their definitions, therapeutic challenges, advantages of PDT application, and pain management strategies.By analyzing pain control therapies(such as topical anesthesia, nerve block, and cold-air analgesia)and optimization of PDT parameters(types of photosensitizers and adjustments of light exposure patterns), this article proposes individualized pain management protocols to provide references for clinical practice.