Biological materials related to respiratory virus control

Respiratory viruses, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2, pose a significant threat to global health. While vaccines and antiviral drugs are crucial, the rapid spread and mutation of these viruses remain a challenge. Biomaterials, particularly nanomaterials and natural polymers, offer promising solutions for virus control. This review summarizes the current research on their antiviral effects, focusing on metal nanoparticles like silver and copper, and natural polysaccharides like chitosan. These materials demonstrate potential in inhibiting viral replication, enhancing immunity, and improving vaccine delivery. With continued advancements in material science, biomaterials are expected to play a pivotal role in controlling respiratory viruses in the future.