Good response to DSA and PDT in patients with capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome (CM-AVM).

Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by heterozygous mutations in the RASA1 and EPHB4 genes. The capillary spots in CM-AVM are consistent with stage I arteriovenous malformations as defined by the Schobinger classification. Traditionally, laser treatment of arteriovenous malformations has been contraindicated due to concerns about accelerating their progression. In this study, we treated capillary spots in five patients with CM-AVM with interventional drug infusion under DSA followed by PDT photodynamic therapy. During one year of clinical and ultrasound follow-up, the lesions improved without any deterioration or recurrence.