A characteristic parameter based adaptive power reserve control of PV for decentralized frequency support

• A decentralized frequency support control for distributed PVs based on adaptive power reserve is proposed. • Exhibiting low calculation burden and cost, less parameter and running points dependence. • Equally power reserve of PVs under multiple operation conditions. • Smooth transitions between MPPT and frequency support modes. • Effectively improve frequency response of grid with high penetration of PVs. With the explosive growth of photovoltaic (PV) penetration, traditional MPPT control threatens the frequency stability of the system. Current frequency support methods based on PV power reservation necessitate real-time estimation of PV maximum available power ( P M A P ). Which introduces computational burdens or extra devices dependencies, limited by the running point, impeding the implementation in distributed PVs. In view of this, this paper proposes a novel quantitative characteristic parameter that represents the real-time output ratio of PV, eliminating the need for P M A P estimation. Leveraging this parameter, a decentralized frequency support control strategy is designed. The proposed control exhibits low calculation burden, less parameter and running points dependence, showing robustness over environment change and aging of PVs. Both experimental results based on actual PV panels and HIL results for IEEE standard system demonstrate that proposed method can effectively improve the frequency response, while ensuring fair power curtailment for PVs.