Silicon‐Based UWB Coplanar Waveguide Antenna for High‐Performance Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting

ABSTRACT Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) technique has garnered substantial attention due to its tremendous potential for sustainable and autonomous power supply for Internet of Things (IoT). In response to the prevailing challenges in current RFEH systems, which requires to simultaneously achieve omnidirectional radiation patterns, ultra‐wideband characteristics, low‐profile design, and further miniaturization and integration with Si‐CMOS process, we propose a novel low‐profile silicon‐based coplanar waveguide antenna with wide radiation angles and ultra‐wideband characteristics, fabricated using MMIC technology. Simulation results demonstrate that the designed silicon‐based coplanar waveguide antenna exhibits ultra‐wideband properties, with a return loss of less than −10 dB across the frequency range of 1–6 GHz. Furthermore, the antenna maintains multi‐band operation characteristics in practical testing, achieving an actual return loss of −20 dB within the operational frequency bands and a maximum gain of 1.76 dBi. Moreover, the antenna is applied to a RFEH system, exhibiting an energy conversion efficiency of 16.45%. Our study shows a new venue to design a high‐efficient antenna for high‐performance RFEH applications.