The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment: A Perspective Based on Marxist Political Economy

In essence, AI is an objectification existence of human intelligence at the technical level, and employment is a unique social problem since the era of capitalist industrialization. The former is the direct cause of the latter, but the fundamental reason is the capitalization application of artificial intelligence. Capital and technology construct the capital-technical production pattern according to the logic of capital appreciation. Artificial intelligence takes over the "baton" of traditional technology, and in this pattern, it continues to benefits capital appreciation and reduce the scale of employment, highlighting the "U" polarization characteristics of employment structure. At present, employment is still the major means for workers to make a living, so that, to study and deal with the impact, we need to not only see the "technological" impact of artificial intelligence on employment at the quantitative level, but also the underlying reasons and mechanisms behind this impact, and then plan systematically from the cognitive, system and mechanism, institution, and political levels.