Agentic skill discovery

Language-conditioned robotic skills make it possible to develop the high-level reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for low-level robotic control. A remaining challenge is to acquire a diverse set of fundamental skills. Existing approaches either manually decompose a complex task into primary robotic actions in a top-down fashion, or bootstrap as many combinations as possible in a bottom-up fashion to cover a wider range of task possibilities. These decompositions or combinations, however, require an initial skill library. For example, a “grasping” capability can never emerge from a skill library containing only diverse “pushing” skills. Existing skill discovery techniques with reinforcement learning acquire skills by exhaustive exploration but often yield non-meaningful behaviors. In this study, we introduce a novel learning framework for autonomous robot skill discovery that is entirely driven by LLMs. The framework begins with an LLM generating task proposals based on the provided scene description and the robot’s configurations, aiming to incrementally acquire new skills upon task completion. For each proposed task, a series of reinforcement learning processes is initiated, utilizing reward and success determination functions sampled by the LLM to develop the corresponding policy. The reliability and trustworthiness of learned behaviors are ensured by an independent vision-language model. We show that starting with zero skill, the skill library emerges and expands to more and more meaningful and reliable skills, enabling the robot to further propose and complete advanced tasks efficiently.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Robotics and Autonomous Systems
Published
2025-11-15
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2025.105248
Primary Topic
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Agentic skill discovery

Stefan Wermter, Cornelius Weber, Xufeng Zhao
Robotics and Autonomous Systems
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
article

Agentic skill discovery

Stefan Wermter, Cornelius Weber, Xufeng Zhao
article en

Abstract

Language-conditioned robotic skills make it possible to develop the high-level reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for low-level robotic control. A remaining challenge is to acquire a diverse set of fundamental skills. Existing approaches either manually decompose a complex task into primary robotic actions in a top-down fashion, or bootstrap as many combinations as possible in a bottom-up fashion to cover a wider range of task possibilities. These decompositions or combinations, however, require an initial skill library. For example, a “grasping” capability can never emerge from a skill library containing only diverse “pushing” skills. Existing skill discovery techniques with reinforcement learning acquire skills by exhaustive exploration but often yield non-meaningful behaviors. In this study, we introduce a novel learning framework for autonomous robot skill discovery that is entirely driven by LLMs. The framework begins with an LLM generating task proposals based on the provided scene description and the robot’s configurations, aiming to incrementally acquire new skills upon task completion. For each proposed task, a series of reinforcement learning processes is initiated, utilizing reward and success determination functions sampled by the LLM to develop the corresponding policy. The reliability and trustworthiness of learned behaviors are ensured by an independent vision-language model. We show that starting with zero skill, the skill library emerges and expands to more and more meaningful and reliable skills, enabling the robot to further propose and complete advanced tasks efficiently.

Robotics and Autonomous SystemsVol. 196
Universität Hamburg (DE)
Openalex Percentile: Top 64%
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.