Design of a Dual-Polarization 180° Hybrid Coupler Structure for Monopulse Signals

In this study, we design a 180-degree hybrid coupler for a monopulse comparator that converts dual-polarized signals into monopulse signals. Monopulse signals enable precise tracking in radar and seeker systems and are typically generated using waveguide-type monopulse comparators. To enhance jamming resistance and target identification capabilities, vertical/horizontal dual-polarized technology is required. Therefore, this study proposes a novel structure for the 180-degree hybrid coupler-a key component of the monopulse comparator-that simultaneously generates monopulse signals with dual polarization. The designed 180-degree hybrid coupler combines a 90-degree hybrid coupler with a 90-degree phase shifter, and simulations confirm that it effectively produces the sum and difference signals necessary for monopulse generation.