Construction of data factor circulation law system in the United States and its reflection for China

As a pioneer country in the global digital economy, the United States has established a relatively complete system for the circulation of data elements. The focus is on government data openness, with the United States forming a legislative system for data openness at both federal and state levels to ensure data freedom and openness. In the field of personal data trading, the United States has established a relatively relaxed legal environment and data brokers to promote data circulation and trading. At present, China is actively promoting the market-oriented allocation reform of data elements, building a multi-level data element market, and continuously improving the relevant systems for data element circulation and trading. By comparing the legislative systems of data openness and personal data trading between China and the United States, it is believed that China can learn from the beneficial experience of the United States, accelerate the construction of a unified platform for government data openness and sharing, cultivate and develop data brokers, promote the construction of legislation related to government data openness and data trading circulation, and improve China’s data element circulation system.