Development of Green Technologies in Construction and Their Impact on the Sustainability of Urban Infrastructure

The study examines the role of green building technologies in fostering sustainable urban development in Bulgaria amid climate change and urbanisation. Based on theoretical analysis and official Bulgarian and EU regulatory documents, it finds that despite rising interest in eco-friendly approaches, adoption remains limited due to institutional fragmentation, unstable support programmes, and insufficient private sector engagement, which owns 93% of housing stock. Challenges include a lack of long-term financing, changes in renovation programme conditions, and low stakeholder participation. Nevertheless, green technologies show strong potential for reducing energy consumption, mitigating climate risks, and modernising infrastructure. Examples include green roofs, passive heating, water-saving systems, intelligent HVAC, and energy-efficient facades, capable of cutting energy use by 30–50% and CO₂ emissions by up to 40%. EU initiatives, such as the updated Directive on Energy Efficiency of Buildings, promote large-scale renovation by 2033, offering further opportunities. A SWOT analysis indicates that with consistent policy support, social justice considerations, and integrated planning, green technologies could become a cornerstone of sustainable modernisation in transitional economies. The study's significance lies in its theoretical substantiation of the link between construction greening and institutional conditions, highlighting strategic directions for policy, financing, and stakeholder collaboration.