ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT OF RETRACTABLE ROOFS IN SPORTS FACILITIES

Although modern retractable roof systems have been used worldwide since the 1930s in one form or another, they only became commonly used in stadium design at the beginning of the new millennium. The study aimed to analyze ten case studies, each representing the types of motion in retractable roof structures implemented in sports facilities from the 1960s until 2022. The types of motion and their directions were analyzed with the types of retractable roof structures according to Frei Otto's classification. The study also attempted to classify them as deployable structures based on the modern classification of deployable structures, seeking new structures that achieve higher motion efficiency, better storage, and lighter weight.The results of the study showed that the types of motion in retractable roof structures implemented in sports facilities included sliding motion, rotational motion, and combined motion in rigid structures. As for membrane structures, retractable roof structures were implemented with sliding motion, folding, and assembly. Compared to deployable structures, the study found that folding motion can be achieved in rigid structures for use as retractable roof structures in sports facilities through panel-based structures, particularly rigid panels inspired by bio-origami. This achieves a foldable roof with geometric rigidity, higher storage efficiency, and lighter weight.