One‐Year Quality of Life Among Survivors of Hospitalization for Omicron Infection in Brazil: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study

The lingering effects of COVID-19 may impair survivors' long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, multicentre studies focusing on the Omicron variant, particularly in middle- and low-income settings, are scarce. We conducted a prospective cohort study across 24 Brazilian hospitals between December 2021 and March 2024, when Omicron was the predominant variant. Adult COVID-19 survivors were followed for 12 months via telephone interviews. The primary outcome was HRQoL at 12 months, assessed using the EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L; range -0.17 to 1.0). All-cause mortality was a secondary outcome. Among 649 participants (47.9% women; median age 71 years), the median EQ-5D-3L utility score at 12 months was 0.69 (IQR 0.41-0.80), and survival was 86.6%. Factors associated with lower HRQoL included female sex, age ≥ 60 years, Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 1, and need for respiratory support. Mortality was associated with age ≥ 60 years (HR 2.81), CCI ≥ 2 (HR 2.17), need for low-flow oxygen therapy (HR 2.03), and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² (HR 0.58). One year after hospitalization, Omicron survivors in Brazil showed impaired HRQoL and high mortality. Older age, comorbidities, and need for oxygen therapy were linked to worse outcomes. Long-term support strategies are needed for these vulnerable populations.

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Journal
Journal of Medical Virology
Published
2025-11-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70687
Primary Topic
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
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article
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article

One‐Year Quality of Life Among Survivors of Hospitalization for Omicron Infection in Brazil: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study

Fernando Luís Scolari, G Silva, Vivian Menezes Irineu, Ana Carolina Peçanha Antônio et al.
Journal of Medical Virology
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
article

One‐Year Quality of Life Among Survivors of Hospitalization for Omicron Infection in Brazil: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study

Fernando Luís Scolari, G Silva, Vivian Menezes Irineu, Ana Carolina Peçanha Antônio, Fernando Azevedo Medrado, Vandack Nobre, Daniel Souto Silveira, Caroline Cabral Robinson, Thiago Lisboa, Luiz Antônio Nasi, Jennifer Menna Barreto de Souza, Sérgio Renato da Rosa Decker, Diego da Rosa Miltersteiner, Marciane Maria Rover, Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes Neves, Lucas Tramujas, Carísi Anne Polanczyk, Viviane Cordeiro Veiga, Juliana Cardozo Fernandes, Paulo R. Schvartzman, Gabriela Soares Rech, Bruna Brandão Barreto, Lucas Gobetti da Luz, J Chaves, Mariana Motta Dias da Silva, Geraldine Trott, Aline Paula Miozzo, Gabrielle Nunes da Silva, Régis Goulart Rosa, Rosa da Rosa Minho dos Santos, Maicon Falavigna, Denise de Souza, Duane Mocellin, Luciane Maria Facchi, Adriana de Oliveira França, Victor Augusto Hamamoto Sato, Juliana Carvalho Schleder, Elton Trigo Teixeira Leite, Milena Soriano Marcolino, Vinicius Ortigosa Nogueira, Saionara Cristina Francisco, Bruna Fornazieri Piotto, Carolina Rothmann Itaqui, Emelyn de Souza Roldão, Cristina Ferreira, Sara Santos, Cláudio Dornas de Oliveira, Kaisy Pereira Martins, Maurício Antônio Pompilio, Cézar Eumann Mesas, Eduardo García Ortiz, Raíne Fogliati de Carli, Anne-Françoise Jaccottet, Gabriel Beilfuss Rieth, Fernando Gioppo Blauth
article en

Abstract

The lingering effects of COVID-19 may impair survivors' long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, multicentre studies focusing on the Omicron variant, particularly in middle- and low-income settings, are scarce. We conducted a prospective cohort study across 24 Brazilian hospitals between December 2021 and March 2024, when Omicron was the predominant variant. Adult COVID-19 survivors were followed for 12 months via telephone interviews. The primary outcome was HRQoL at 12 months, assessed using the EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L; range -0.17 to 1.0). All-cause mortality was a secondary outcome. Among 649 participants (47.9% women; median age 71 years), the median EQ-5D-3L utility score at 12 months was 0.69 (IQR 0.41-0.80), and survival was 86.6%. Factors associated with lower HRQoL included female sex, age ≥ 60 years, Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 1, and need for respiratory support. Mortality was associated with age ≥ 60 years (HR 2.81), CCI ≥ 2 (HR 2.17), need for low-flow oxygen therapy (HR 2.03), and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² (HR 0.58). One year after hospitalization, Omicron survivors in Brazil showed impaired HRQoL and high mortality. Older age, comorbidities, and need for oxygen therapy were linked to worse outcomes. Long-term support strategies are needed for these vulnerable populations.

Journal of Medical VirologyVol. 97(11)
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (BR), Universidade Federal de Rondônia (BR), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (BR), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR), Santa Casa Hospital (BR), Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (BR), Hospital Moinhos de Vento (BR), Hospital Santa Luzia (BR), Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia (BR), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (BR), Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz (BR), Universidade La Salle (BR), Hospital Universitário Regional do Norte do Paraná (BR), Fundmed Pesquisa, Ensino e Inovacao (BR), Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (BR), Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo (BR), Entomological Society of Brazil (BR), Universidade São Marcos (BR), Grupo Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte (BR), National Institute on Population Medical Genetics (BR), Hospital Ernesto Dornelles (BR), Associação Brasileira da Batata (BR), Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (BR), Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR), Hospital do Coração (BR), Centro Universitário Filadélfia (BR), Hospital Metropolitano (EC), Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (BR), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (BR), Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (BR)
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Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
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