Mortality Trends in the United States of America Among Adults With Thyroid Disorders and Cardiac Arrest as a Contributing Cause: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background Thyroid disorders can influence cardiovascular function, often leading to complications such as arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. However, mortality trends in adults with thyroid disorders and cardiac arrest as a contributing cause have not been well described. Objective This study aimed to evaluate temporal mortality trends in adults in the USA with thyroid disorders and cardiac arrest, considering demographics and geography, from 1999 to 2020. Methodology A retrospective observational study was conducted using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) multiple cause of death database. Deaths with thyroid disorders (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision or ICD-10: E00-E07) as the underlying cause and cardiac arrest (ICD-10: I46) as a contributing cause were analyzed among individuals aged ≥25 years. Mortality rates were age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population, and temporal trends were expressed as annual percentage change (APC). Results Between 1999 and 2020, 7,829 deaths were identified, corresponding to a crude rate of 1.7 per 1,000,000. Females accounted for 74.9% of deaths, and White individuals represented 84.1%. Most deaths occurred in metropolitan areas (82%) and medical facilities (42%). Age-adjusted mortality rates declined from 1999-2009 (APC: -5.0%, p<0.05) and gradually increased from 2009-2020 (APC: +1.2%, p<0.05). Conclusion Mortality associated with thyroid disorders and cardiac arrest has shown shifting trends and disparities by sex, race, and geography. Continued efforts are needed to understand contributing factors and improve prevention strategies.