Age, Growth, Diet and Reproduction of African Pompano ( <i>Alectis ciliaris</i> )

ABSTRACT Understanding the life history traits of ecologically and economically important fish species is critical for effective management. This study provides the first detailed analysis of age, growth, diet and reproductive characteristics of African pompano ( Alectis ciliaris ) from the southeastern United States, expanding upon prior work from the Western Arabian Gulf. A total of 54 specimens were collected off the coasts of Georgia and South Carolina when they were available during the 2024 fishing season (May–October). Age was determined via otolith sectioning, and growth was modelled using the von Bertalanffy growth function (L∞ = 96.61 cm, K = 0.689, t0 = 0.01). Diet composition was assessed using stomach content analysis, and reproductive status was evaluated through gonadosomatic index (GSI) calculations. Results indicate that A. ciliaris in this region exhibit rapid growth and early maturity, with all specimens sexually mature and the oldest fish aged at nine years. Growth comparisons suggest regional differences, with fish from the southeastern U.S. potentially growing faster than those from the Arabian Gulf. Diet analysis revealed a strong preference for cephalopods, particularly squid, which comprised over 80% of prey items. Seasonal GSI patterns suggest peak reproductive activity occurs between June and August. These findings support the hypothesis that A. ciliaris in the southeastern U.S. are migratory, arriving from Florida waters to spawn and feed during summer months. This research contributes essential data toward the life history understanding of A. ciliaris and provides valuable insights for future fisheries management and conservation efforts for this largely unmanaged species.