Evaluation of the relationship between polycystic ovarian syndrome and hypertension: A case-control study

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women. It has been associated with metabolic disturbances that may increase the risk of hypertension. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCOS and hypertension, with a particular focus on anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a potential biomarker. Methods: A case-control involving women aged 15-45 years (mean of age 28.666±6.837) years, divided into two groups n=45 (mean of age 31.689 ± 6.842) used as controls and n=45 patients (mean of age 24.644 ± 5.390), The serum LH, FSH, insulin, prolactin, and testosterone were measured using ELISA. Result: A significant increase (p≤0.01) was observed in diastolic pressure in PCOS patients (8.04±0.82) compared to the control group (7.40±0.54), No significant difference was observed in systolic blood pressure on hormonal parameters found elevated in AMH in patient (2386.14±530.09) compared to control (895.01±198.18), prolactin, testosterone, and LH, and a significant decrease observed in FSH. Conclusion: Obesity, low-grade inflammation, and hyperinsulinemia are prevalent in PCOS, which leads to an increase in hypertension that makes women with PCOS more likely to develop hypertension and cardiovascular complications.