Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists and Exercise for Weight Reduction: A Review of Current Evidence

Abstract This review article aims to discuss and evaluate the current evidence surrounding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and their therapeutic role. Specifically, it reviews the efficacy of GLP-1RAs in the management of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related cardiometabolic conditions. Clinical trials demonstrate that GLP-1RAs such as semaglutide and liraglutide produce significant and sustained weight loss, surpassing the effects of lifestyle interventions alone. These agents improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin secretion, reducing appetite, and slowing gastric emptying, while also conferring cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and renal benefits. Overall, GLP-1RAs represent a promising long-term strategy for managing obesity and its complications, although further research is needed to confirm their long-term safety and optimize their clinical use.