Contingency management interventions for substance use and addictive behaviours: Review of the United Kingdom evidence base

This scoping review of studies implementing Contingency Management (CM) in UK addiction treatment highlights several barriers to CM adoption, including resource limitations, concerns about its impact on therapeutic relationships and ethical issues regarding manipulation and fairness. It also points to the need for adapting CM protocols to fit UK treatment philosophies, particularly aligning with harm reduction approaches. CM's success depends on multi-level support, including policy, training and integration with existing systems. Recommendations include strengthening research on CM's long-term impact, ensuring fidelity to core principles, and investing in digital tools to reduce administrative burden.