Adsorption/Solid‐phase Extraction of Li ⁺ Ions from The Dead Sea Using Lithium‐ion Sieves (LIS): Effect of Preparation Method, Metal Oxide Type, and Magnetization of LIS

Abstract This study investigated lithium‐ion sieves (LIS) and how factors like preparation method, metal oxide type, and magnetization affect lithium uptake, selectivity, and solid‐phase extraction performance. It was found that the highest lithium uptake occurred at pH 12 due to the accelerated Li‐H ion exchange at alkaline conditions. Manganese oxide‐based LIS, made via solid‐state reaction, showed the best uptake capacity (76.9 mgLi.g −1 ) and selectivity compared to titanium oxide‐based LIS and those made using hydrothermal reactions. Magnetizing LIS with magnetite further improved uptake ability and selectivity. The solid‐phase extraction (SPE) method showed that titanium oxide LIS prepared by solid‐state reaction achieved the highest lithium recovery (95%, 83%, 69% for 1, 4, 8 mgLi.L −1 samples, respectively). This research also demonstrated the LIS's application in extracting lithium from Dead Sea samples, with promising recovery rates. FT‐IR, XRD, and SEM analyses were conducted on the LISs.