Effect of Boswellia gum and cinnamaldehyde on diabetes induced in male albino rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a Chronic metabolic state characterized by hyperglycemia originating from poor insulin production, insulin resistance, or a combination of both. Oxidative stress and inflammation significantly contribute to diabetes etiology and complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic Boswellia gum and cinnamaldehyde in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male albino rats. Both compounds are recognized for their anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant, and glucose-lowering properties. Forty-two male albino rats with an average weight of 120-150 g were divided into 6 groups (n=7) and treated with Boswellia gum, cinnamaldehyde, or both, following diabetes induction by STZ. Biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver and kidney function markers were assessed, in addition to histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue. The results demonstrated that both Boswellia gum and cinnamaldehyde significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved lipid profile and liver enzymes, with enhanced effects observed in the combination group. Histological analysis supported the biochemical findings. These results suggest that both agents exhibit protective and therapeutic potential against diabetes-related metabolic alterations.