Investigating the association of pan-immune-inflammation value, systemic immune-inflammation index, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with pain in Parkinson’s disease

Inflammatory dysregulation is present in PD patients. Compared with the nPDP group, patients in the PDP group showed significantly higher levels of PIV and SII/100, as well as greater disease severity (H-Y stage, UPDRS-III) and more pronounced depressive symptoms (HAMD-24) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, KPPS scores in PD patients were not only associated with PIV but also positively correlated with disease stage, motor function impairment, overall disease severity, anxiety, and depression.