Updates on the Clinical Management of Hypertension: A Narrative Review

Hypertension is a common risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the need for ongoing evaluation of current pharmacotherapies and patient management strategies. This narrative review addresses these gaps, emphasizing a multifaceted approach to care that integrates cardiovascular monitoring, lifestyle modification, pharmacologic therapy, and procedural therapies. A search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 1st January 2010 and 30th June 2025 on the clinical management of hypertension. Search terms combined keywords using Boolean operators to optimize sensitivity and specificity. The search revealed 26 primary articles with recent findings on the management of hypertension. While lifestyle interventions are encouraged, their effectiveness depends on disease severity and individualized treatment goals. Combination antihypertensive therapy has shown greater efficacy and tolerability than monotherapy. Newer therapies, including zilebesiran, lorundrostat, riociguat, M-atrial natriuretic peptide, and aprocitentan, produce modest blood pressure reductions that are associated with lower cardiovascular risk. Minimally invasive procedural therapeutics, including renal denervation, baroreflex activation therapy, and wearable monitors, have also been reported to hold promise for addressing resistant hypertension. These innovations may address the limitations of conventional therapies and reinforce the importance of a personalized and data-driven framework for cardiovascular care. The findings can potentially guide health practitioners, researchers, and policymakers on improving hypertension care and outcomes while also enhancing precision-based therapies for the diverse patient population.