Full value chain development of bamboo forest resources for common prosperity: Evidence from Anji, China

Exploring pathways to convert “lucid waters and lush mountains” into “invaluable assets” (Two Mountains Theory) is key to advancing rural revitalization and achieving common prosperity. Grounded in the resource capitalization theory, we develop a “resource integration – resource development – income distribution” framework to analyze the three attributes of bamboo forest resources (natural, economic and social). Using a single-case study of the Anji Bamboo Forest Carbon Sink Initiative, we examine county-level strategies for ecological resource development. Our findings suggest that during resource integration, strong government leadership and multi-stakeholder collaboration are essential to broaden and streamline resource pooling. In resource development, full value chain development through the management of ecological resources and extension of supply and value chains can maximize economic and ecological benefits. In income distribution, a diversified benefit-sharing mechanism is needed to balance collective village interests with individual income, supporting common prosperity. This paper highlights the mechanism linking ecological, economic and social benefits in bamboo carbon sink development and offers insights for regions pursuing common prosperity. • Many rural areas have bamboo forests but face management and income challenges. • Anji’s model integrates resources under government guidance. • Full value chain development enhances efficiency and value of the bamboo industry. • Diversified benefit-sharing promotes sustainable bamboo development.