Ontogeny, population dynamics, and functional response of the brachypterous parasitoid <scp> <i>Anastatus meilingensis</i> </scp> on the factitious host <scp> <i>Antheraea pernyi</i> </scp>

These results demonstrate the high reproductive potential and biological control capacity of A. meilingensis on COS eggs. To optimize field application, adults should be fed post-emergence to enable egg maturation, and female overcrowding should be avoided to minimize interference. This study supports the development of efficient rearing protocols and provides a foundation for the use of A. meilingensis in augmentative biological control programs. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.