THE ROLE AND INFLUENCE OF MUNICIPAL COUNCILLORS IN LOCAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

Local Authorities (PBT) form the third tier of government in Malaysia, following the federal and state levels respectively. They are instrumental in formulating policies that directly benefit local communities. However, the role and influence of municipal councillors in policy development remain understudied, particularly in Selangor. This study explores the functions and decision-making power of municipal councillors across selected districts in Selangor in shaping local policy and community development. Employing a quantitative research approach, the study uses structured surveys and targeted interviews with councillors and relevant stakeholders. Advanced statistical methods including Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), and Regression Analysis are applied to assess policy effectiveness and key decision-making factors. Findings reveal the extent of councillors’ understanding, influence, and participation in policy-making, highlighting systemic challenges such as political dynamics, administrative constraints, and community engagement barriers. The study aims to contribute toward a more structured and effective governance model that promotes inclusive, transparent, and community-driven urban development. The research contributes both theoretically to urban governance discourse & practically to improve local council operations & policy implementation in the community. Results indicate that political, administrative, and community engagement factors significantly shape policy effectiveness. The study proposes that strengthening decision-making frameworks and fostering meaningful community involvement are essential for more inclusive and effective governance.