Clinical profiles of thyroid eye disease with and without strabismus: a comparative study
Strabismus-associated TED is characterized by a lower prevalence of proptosis and lid retraction, but a higher incidence of compensatory AHP. Identifying these differences may aid in risk stratification and early intervention for TED patients, particularly those at risk for restrictive strabismus.
Authors
- Elham Azizi
- Ali Majdi
- Masoud Khorrami‐Nejad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8270-9704)
- Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5480-590X)
- Kimia Daneshvar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0394-9944)
- S. Saad
Institutions
- Alsalam University College (IQ)
- Australian College of Optometry (AU)
- Farabi Hospital (IR)
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- International Journal of Ophthalmology
- Published
- 2025-11-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.12.19
- Primary Topic
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00