Уклонение как форма социального поведения студенчества: причины и потенциал вовлечения

The authors analyze the phenomenon of students' avoidance of offered activities at universities, including its causes and consequences. The relevance of the study is related to the fact that the key attention of scientists is focused on analyzing the manifestation of active actions of students, while avoidance (as a poorly documented form of behavior) is rather poorly studied. The results of the author's data collection conducted by in-depth interviews with experts (21), focus groups with university students from the consortium «Upper Volga - territory of Innovation» (12), and analysis of essay texts (50) are presented. As a result of the analysis, it was found that many students participate in activities that they are not interested in, solely for the sake of the benefits associated with them and their own preferences. However, when these incentives are eliminated, students tend to suspend their active participation. Further, the analysis allowed us to establish several interpretations of the evasion declared by students, such as passive participation, alternative forms of activity and prioritization in the learning process. The key explanations of the students for the reasons for using evasion were: subordination of students with people calling for activity; unwillingness to explain their position; multi-stage evasion. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are proposed for the effective involvement of students in university activities, such as the creation of career guidance centers, the use of social networks for individual engagement, inviting professionals to events, the use of modern technologies such as gamification, and the creation of a reasonable and affordable reward system.