ENDS Liquid Nicotine Exposure in Children Aged <5 Years Presenting to U.S. Emergency Departments, 2019–2024
Liquid nicotine poisoning remains a significant pediatric health concern, with over 3,900 emergency department visits nationally during 2019-2024. Children aged <2 years are at highest risk owing to developmental factors and exploratory behaviors. Although most cases did not require hospitalization, the potential for serious outcomes underscores the need for enhanced prevention strategies, including improved product packaging and public education about safe storage practices.
Authors
- Sheila Farrell
- C. Carr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-3970)
- Joanne T. Chang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3974-8089)
- Aaron M Blakney (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6835-9163)
- Eric P. Griggs
Institutions
- United States Food and Drug Administration (US)
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (US)
- Office of Science (US)
- Food and Drug Administration (TH)
Publication Details
- Journal
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 2025-11-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108189
- Primary Topic
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Center for Tobacco Products