A comparison of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and slump stretch technique on hamstring flexibility

Hamstring muscles, being biarticular, are particularly susceptible to adaptive shortening, especially in individuals with prolonged sedentary behaviours such as extended sitting. This shortening reduces flexibility and restricts range of motion, which may contribute to functional limitations and increased injury risk. A six-week randomized experimental study was conducted to compare the efficacy of the slump stretching technique versus proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) using the hold-relax method in improving hamstring flexibility. A total of 30 participants, selected based on predefined inclusion criteria from a reputed academic institution, were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received slump stretching, while Group B received PNF hold-relax stretching. Hamstring flexibility was assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Modified Back Saver Sit and Reach (BSSR) test. Post-intervention analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in hamstring flexibility in both groups. However, Group B (PNF hold-relax) demonstrated a significantly greater mean improvement compared to Group A (slump stretch), with a p-value < 0.001, indicating superior effectiveness. The study findings suggest that the PNF hold-relax stretching technique is more effective than slump stretching in enhancing hamstring flexibility. Incorporating PNF techniques may be beneficial in clinical and athletic settings for improving muscle extensibility.