MHD Casson fluid flow in C-type lid-driven cavity with viscous dissipation

This study investigates the magnetohydrodynamics Casson fluid flow inside a C-type lid-driven cavity under the influence of viscous dissipation and an inclined magnetic field. Such flow configurations are not only of fundamental scientific interest but also play a vital role in various engineering and industrial applications. The problem is formulated by considering convection-driven motion within the cavity and is mathematically modeled through the governing conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy. To facilitate numerical treatment and comparative analysis, the system is transformed into a dimensionless form. The resulting nonlinear equations are solved using the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM). The effects of key physical parameters on flow circulation and thermal transport are analyzed in terms of streamlines and isotherms, providing detailed insight into the convective behavior of Casson fluids in confined geometries. A comparative analysis of the streamlines and isotherm lines are presented through graphical representations to highlight the role of distinct parameters and cavity driving mechanisms in shaping the fluid motion and heat transfer patterns. It is observed that an increase in the angle of inclination ( 0 ≤ ψ ≤ π / 2 ) of the magnetic fields increase flow circulation. Additionally, heat distribution inside the C-type cavity also increases with ψ . Further, it is also observed that flow circulation enhances for higher values of the Casson parameter ( 0 ≤ γ ≤ 10 ), due to lower shear rate. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the design and optimization of engineering systems involving non-Newtonian fluids and MHD flows in cavity configurations.