Green Tea Extract: An In-Depth Review of Its Potential in Weight and Blood Sugar Regulation

Obesity has emerged as a major public health concern, contributing to the growing occurrence of long-term health problems, including elevated blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. As a result, there is an increasing interest in exploring effective strategies for weight management and metabolic health. Green tea extract (GTE), known for its rich composition of bioactive polyphenolic compounds, especially catechins like epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), has gained attention for its potential therapeutic effects in combating obesity and associated metabolic disorders. This review integrates data from diverse scholarly databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, to comprehensively evaluate the phytochemical profile, pharmacological actions, and safety considerations of GTE, with a particular focus on its anti-obesity, antioxidant, and metabolic benefits. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that GTE promotes fat oxidation, enhances insulin sensitivity, and stimulates thermogenesis, all of which contribute to its role in weight management and metabolic regulation. Additionally, its potent antioxidant properties help mitigate oxidative stress, thereby offering protection against cellular damage and chronic disease progression. Although the results are promising, further studies are required to establish the ideal dosages, assess the long-term safety of GTE, and optimize its clinical uses. This review highlights the potential of GTE as a valuable therapeutic adjunct in the management of obesity, while emphasizing the need for continued investigation into its broader health benefits. Keywords: Green tea extract, Catechin, Epigallocatechin gallate, Anti-obesity, Antioxidant