Intranasal nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for neurodegenerative disorders: an Overview

Intranasal nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have received increased attention in pharmaceutical research due to their ability to increase drug bioavailability, bypass the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and provide non-invasive, patient-friendly alternatives to drug administration, particularly for drugs intended for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Drugs delivered via nasal route can enter the CNS via the olfactory pathway or the trigeminal nerve pathway, enabling access to deeper regions. Intranasal nanoparticulate systems have several pharmacological benefits, including increased bioavailability, a faster onset of action, higher patient compliance, and less systemic adverse effects. Intranasal nanoparticulate drug delivery has shown promise in a variety of therapeutic areas, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. Intranasal vaccinations and antibacterial Nanoparticle are also utilized to treat respiratory and viral illnesses. This technique is thought to be useful in brain-targeted chemotherapeutic drugs for glioblastoma treatment. The authors of this review attempted to investigate the pharmacological features of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including their benefits, mechanisms, formulation methodologies, and clinical applications. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Drug delivery, Nanoparticle, Nasal route, Neuro inflammation, Parkinson’s disease,