Impact of Proactive Nursing on Postoperative Ovarian and Immune Function in Patients Undergoing Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Uterine Fibroids

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study analyzed the effectiveness of proactive nursing interventions in patients undergoing ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for uterine fibroids. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis included 50 patients who received routine postoperative care from April 2022 to April 2023 as control group (CG) and 54 patients who received proactive nursing from May 2023 to May 2024 as intervention group (IG). Eligible participants were adult women with confirmed uterine fibroids and complete medical records, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data. Exclusion criteria included individuals with severe comorbidities such as uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension, those who were pregnant or breastfeeding during the study period, and patients with significant gaps in medical records or cognitive impairments that hindered participation in the study. Surgical outcomes, ovarian function markers, immune function markers, oxidative stress indicators, and complications were compared between the two groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In IG, intraoperative blood loss (15.83 ± 4.35 mL vs. 49.75 ± 7.62 mL), surgical duration (27.64 ± 8.04 min vs. 55.08 ± 6.67 min), hospital stay (3.17 ± 0.65 d vs. 5.48 ± 0.83 d), and time to ambulation (1.43 ± 0.27 d vs. 2.56 ± 0.34 d) were significantly lower versus CG (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.72∼0.89). Levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and advanced oxidation protein products at 1 d and 30 d postoperatively were significantly lower in IG versus CG (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.6∼0.80). CD3 and CD8 levels at 1 d and 30 d postoperatively were significantly lower in IG, whereas CD4 and CD4/CD8 (2.45 ± 0.56 vs. 1.58 ± 0.44) were significantly higher versus CG (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.65). The incidence of postoperative complications in IG (14.81%) was significantly inferior to that in CG (22%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.52∼0.87). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Proactive nursing interventions applied in the management of patients after ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for uterine fibroids demonstrate significant clinical advantages. Specifically, they reduce intraoperative bleeding, shorten surgical and hospitalization durations, and potentially benefit ovarian and immune functions of patients.