Transformable Renal Cancer Targeted Responsive Nanopeptide Probes Effectively Inhibit Renal Cancer Progression and Metastasis by Inhibiting Renal Blood Vessels and Cancer Cells

Renal cancer is a highly vascularized tumor, and tumor vasculature accelerates the progression and metastasis of renal cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and TIE-2 are the two most essential factors that facilitate tumor angiogenesis; additionally, VEGF has an angiogenesis-independent function in cancer cells that enhances their malignant progression. The long-term inhibition of dual targets, blood vessels and tumor cells, can effectively prevent the progression and metastasis of renal cancer. This study developed a transformable kidney cancer targeting responsive nanopeptide probe (RTP) for the construction of nanofibers in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which helped to significantly inhibit tumor neovascularization and progression through dual targets. The results showed that RTP reduced angiogenesis to 35.26% ± 4.78% by inhibiting VEGF and TIE-2 and increased tumor cell apoptosis by 6-fold. In vivo validation experiments showed that RTP significantly inhibited tumor angiogenesis and progression. The innovative RTP significantly inhibits renal cancer angiogenesis and may provide a new way to inhibit renal cancer blood vessels and cancer cells.