Docking of Aloin-curcumin Nanoparticle Encapsulated with PLGA: Investigation of In Vitro / In Vivo Study

Introduction: Aloin, poorly soluble in water and an inducer of cytochrome P450 enzyme, and has lower oral bioavailability. In contrast, Curcumin, a naturally occurring bioenhancer, is reported to enhance the oral bioavailability of various drugs. This study aimed to improve the dissolution and pharmacokinetic profile of Aloin using Curcumin as a bioenhancer. Method: The study focused on developing Aloin Curcumin nanoparticles through the nanoprecipitation technique. The pharmacological study of aloin (10 mg/kg) in combination with curcumin was assessed in rats. Curcumin was chosen to boost the bioavailability of aloin, and an HPLC method was established and validated for a concurrent study done in rat plasma by using the liquid-liquid extraction and HPLC analysis methods. Characterization of the formulation was performed using thermography and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: The findings indicated a particle size of 75.5 nm, drug release of 99.01 R², and efficiency of 89.89% of AL-CUR analysis. With the help of thermography and TEM techniques, characterization was performed. Pharmacokinetic data in female rats (Wistar) displayed a retention time of 2.3 minutes for aloin and 4.5 minutes for curcumin. In rat plasma, the linear concentration of aloin lies between 500-3000 ng/ml, the correlation coefficient (R²) determined was 0.9942 and 0.9939. The Cmax of Aloin significantly increased after nanoformulation, reaching 59293.22 ng/ml, indicating enhanced bioavailability. Discussion: The co-delivery of Aloin and Curcumin in nanoparticle form improved dissolution, absorption, and systemic availability. Curcumin acted as a bioenhancer to overcome aloin’s poor solubility and first-pass metabolism. Conclusion: The results showed that the simultaneous administration of AL-CUR increased the relative bioavailability of drugs.