A novel approach for enzyme-based glucose detection: The application of non-faradaic electron impedance spectroscopy for PEDOT-PSS/TiO2 nanocomposite

This study presents a groundbreaking approach to enzyme-based glucose detection through the innovative application of non-faradaic electron impedance spectroscopy (nf-EIS). A precise in situ chemical oxidative method is used for successfully synthesizing Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly(Sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) / Titanium dioxide (PEDOT-PSS / TiO 2 ) nanocomposites. Also fabricated them on Whatman Grade-1 (WG-1) filter paper using the Screen-Printed Electrode method. The structural behaviour and characteristics of the synthesized PEDOT-PSS polymer matrix have been by using advanced techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) at room temperature (303 K). The analysis of nf-EIS behavior of the fabricated biosensors across varying glucose concentrations demonstrated remarkable insights through impedimetric AC conductivity measurements at a constant voltage (0.3 V). The XRD spectra confirm the presence of the anatase plane in the tetragonal structure of TiO 2 nanoparticles. The average crystallite size and microstrain for all the samples were determined by using the Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot and Debye-Scherrer’s formula. Specifically, sample 15 wt% TiO 2 composite with PEDOT-PSS, among other samples, displayed exceptional sensitivity (9.04 × 10 -7 Sm -1 mM -1 , RSD 1.55%) with a low detection limit (25.84 μM), a rapid response time of just 20 s, following a linear range of 0-40 mM. • With the increasing prevalence of diabetes, this research shows the critical role of improved glucose biosensing technologies in monitoring glucose levels and preventing related health complications after post diseases symptoms. • The innovative enzymatic non-faradaic electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tool were used which enhances the accuracy and sensitivity of biosensor. • This study explore the variation of different concentration glucose oxidase (GOx) and the different analytical interference study. • Synergistic effect of PEDOT-PSS/TiO 2 shows the prominent results towards glucose biosensing and also confirmed from it’s characteristics.