Health State Utility Associated with Parenteral Nutrition Requirement in Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome and Intestinal Failure in Korea: A Vignette-Based Approach

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of intestinal failure (IF) that often requires long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). Extended PN results in severe complications and reduced quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate the QoL utility weights associated with PN duration using vignettes. <b>Methods:</b> We developed detailed scenarios and descriptions to represent eight hypothetical health states, reflecting variations in PN frequency in both pediatric and adult patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 359 Korean adults (aged 19-59 years) from the general population, assigned to evaluate adult (n = 179) or pediatric (n = 180) vignette groups. Health utility was measured using the EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D), visual analog scale (VAS), and time trade-off (TTO) methods. Multivariable regression analysis using a mixed-effects model was employed to manage repeated measures and control for sociodemographic variables. <b>Results:</b> Utility scores measured using the EQ-5D, VAS, and TTO were negatively correlated with increasing PN days in both adult and pediatric patients with SBS-IF. The highest mean utility values were "0 days on PN" (adults: EQ-5D 0.808, VAS 0.689, TTO 0.874; pediatric: EQ-5D 0.804, VAS 0.680, TTO 0.883), while the lowest were "7 days on PN" (adults: EQ-5D 0.117, VAS 0.180, TTO 0.272; pediatric: EQ-5D 0.070, VAS 0.178, TTO 0.291). These trends remained significant after covariate adjustment (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The study revealed a steady decline in utility values with an increasing number of PN days. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing the QoL in patients with SBS-IF by supporting intestinal adaptation and reducing PN dependency.