Fuelling the Fire: A Case Series of Lipoid Pneumonitis from Accidental Kerosene Ingestion in Young Adults

Abstract Lipoid pneumonitis is a rare, albeit deadly, condition if not identified and managed in time. Although the overall incidence has reduced significantly, it still remains an area of concern among the armed forces deployed in cold and high altitude areas and professional “fire-eaters.” This case series examined seven instances of chemical pneumonitis caused by accidental kerosene (and diesel in one instance) ingestion in adult males over 1 year. The patients had presented with vomiting, nausea, cough, and pleuritic chest pain following the ingestion, which occurred primarily while siphoning fuel. The clinical findings included tachycardia, tachypnea, and crackles on auscultation. Chest radiographs typically showed right lower zone opacities. Management involved supportive care, with antibiotics administered in some cases. All patients recovered within 10–15 days, although some experienced persistent chest pain. This study highlights the ongoing risk of kerosene-induced pneumonitis, particularly in occupational settings, and emphasizes the importance of prompt recognition and treatment. It also underscores the need for increased awareness and preventive measures to reduce such accidents.