Baseline Data of Hematology and Serum Biochemistry of Bonnet Macaque ( <i>Macaca radiata radiata</i> ) From Bengaluru Urban Wild Populations, Karnataka, India

The Bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata radiata) is a highly adaptive, anthropocentric, and commensal species that inhabits urban habitats with provisioned dietary habits. It is a subject of various scientific studies, particularly concerning its hematological and serum biochemical parameters. However, comprehensive baseline datasets are scarcely available, with existing data mostly derived from lab-maintained animals rather than wild individuals. The objective of this study is to establish reference values for hematological and serum biochemical parameters of Bonnet macaques living in Bengaluru urban ecological conditions with varied dietary habits. The study area lies between 12°58' N and 13°00' N latitude and 77°30' E and 77°40' E longitude. Blood samples were collected with KFD permission from urban macaques across different parts of the city by trained veterinary professionals following all due standard protocols and ethics. The results revealed crucial comparative differences from the available literature data and across age and sex groups. The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to determine the normal distribution of the dataset, and the results obtained are variable-specific. The established reference values will enable more accurate interpretation of hematological and serum biochemistry values specific to urban macaque populations.