A base-stabilized germavinylidene

Germavinylidenes (R<sub>2</sub>C=Ge), the heavier congeners of vinylidenes, have long remained elusive, both as free species and in Lewis base-stabilized forms. Herein, we report the isolation of a base-stabilized germavinylidene employing an imine-functionalized cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (imino-CAAC) ligand. Comprehensive structural characterization, supported by theoretical calculations, confirms the presence of a Ge=C double bond, with the divalent germanium center coordinated by the imine donor. Preliminary reactivity studies reveal a rich chemical profile: the complex undergoes selective methylation at the germanium center, forms a π-dominated coordination complex with iron carbonyl, and acts as a germanium atom transfer reagent to generate a rare tetraazagermylene. Furthermore, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition with isocyanate provides compelling evidence for the Ge=C double bond character. These results underscore the previously unexplored potential of imino-CAAC ligands in stabilizing reactive and uncharted p-block main group species.

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Journal
Nature Communications
Published
2025-11-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65001-w
Primary Topic
Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

A base-stabilized germavinylidene

Bin Li, Yanling Zhu, Manbo Zhang, Liu Leo Liu et al.
Nature Communications
Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
article

A base-stabilized germavinylidene

Bin Li, Yanling Zhu, Manbo Zhang, Liu Leo Liu, Jicheng Wang, Jiancheng Li, Yuanyuan Wang
article en

Abstract

Germavinylidenes (R<sub>2</sub>C=Ge), the heavier congeners of vinylidenes, have long remained elusive, both as free species and in Lewis base-stabilized forms. Herein, we report the isolation of a base-stabilized germavinylidene employing an imine-functionalized cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (imino-CAAC) ligand. Comprehensive structural characterization, supported by theoretical calculations, confirms the presence of a Ge=C double bond, with the divalent germanium center coordinated by the imine donor. Preliminary reactivity studies reveal a rich chemical profile: the complex undergoes selective methylation at the germanium center, forms a π-dominated coordination complex with iron carbonyl, and acts as a germanium atom transfer reagent to generate a rare tetraazagermylene. Furthermore, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition with isocyanate provides compelling evidence for the Ge=C double bond character. These results underscore the previously unexplored potential of imino-CAAC ligands in stabilizing reactive and uncharted p-block main group species.

Nature CommunicationsVol. 16(1)
Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN), Hunan University (CN), Hunan Normal University (CN), Southern University of Science and Technology (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hunan Normal University, Hunan University, Southern University of Science and Technology, Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province
Openalex Percentile: Top 71%
Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
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