Implementation Science: Definition, Importance, and Application in Neuroradiology

Neuroradiologists are constantly asked to adapt their practice and implement changes that align with the latest scientific evidence, such as new stroke imaging guidelines and innovative imaging sequences. Translation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) to clinical practice requires sustainable, replicable, locally relevant, equitable, and externally valid systems. Implementation science provides a conceptual framework for new practice adoption by identifying and addressing barriers. This brief narrative review defines implementation and de-implementation science, contrasting implementation science with quality improvement, and describes common implementation science frameworks with examples applicable to neuroradiology. The role of artificial intelligence in implementation science is also included.ABBREVIATIONS: AI = Artificial intelligence; CFIR = Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research; EBP = Evidence-based practice; EMR = Electronic medical record; RE-AIM = Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance.